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KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN MALAYSIA
BAHASA INGGERIS SK SJK
KURIKULUM STANDARD SEKOLAH RENDAH
DOKUMEN STANDARD KURIKULUM DAN PENTAKSIRAN
TAHUN EMPAT
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RUKUN NEGARA 2
FALSAFAH PENDIDIKAN KEBANGSAAN 3
INTRODUCTION 4
AIM & OBJECTIVES 5 UNDERLYING PEDAGOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE CURRICULUM 6
THE MODULAR CONFIGURATION 9
CURRICULUM ORGANISATION 10
A MODULAR CURRICULUM 13
CURRICULUM CONTENT FOR LEVEL 2 15
EDUCATIONAL EMPHASES 18
CONTENT, LEARNING AND PERFORMANCE LEVELS : LISTENING AND SPEAKING 29
CONTENT, LEARNING AND PERFORMANCE LEVELS : READING 34
CONTENT, LEARNING AND PERFORMANCE LEVELS : WRITING 37
CONTENT, LEARNING AND PERFORMANCE LEVELS : LANGUAGE ARTS 42
CONTENT, LEARNING AND PERFORMANCE LEVELS: GRAMMAR 47 WORD LIST FOR LEVEL 2 50
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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RUKUN NEGARA
BAHAWASANYA negara kita Malaysia mendukung cita-cita hendak mencapai perpaduan yang lebih erat di kalangan seluruh masyarakatnya; memelihara satu cara hidup demokratik; mencipta masyarakat yang adil di mana kemakmuran negara akan dapat dinikmati bersama secara adil dan saksama; menjamin satu cara yang liberal terhadap tradisi-tradisi kebudayaan yang kaya dan berbagai-bagai corak; membina satu masyarakat progresif yang akan menggunakan sains dan teknologi moden;
MAKA KAMI, rakyat Malaysia, berikrar akan menumpukan seluruh tenaga dan usaha kami untuk mencapai cita-cita tersebut berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip berikut:
KEPERCAYAAN KEPADA TUHAN
KESETIAAN KEPADA RAJA DAN NEGARA
KELUHURAN PERLEMBAGAAN
KEDAULATAN UNDANG-UNDANG
KESOPANAN DAN KESUSILAAN
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FALSAFAH PENDIDIKAN KEBANGSAAN
Pendidikan di Malaysia adalah suatu usaha berterusan ke arah lebih memperkembangkan lagi potensi individu secara menyeluruh dan bersepadu untuk melahirkan insan yang seimbang dan harmonisdari segi intelek, rohani, emosi dan jasmani; berdasarkan kepercayaan dan kepatuhan kepada Tuhan. Usaha ini adalah bagi melahirkan warganegara Malaysia yang berilmu pengetahuan, berketerampilan, berakhlak mulia, bertanggungjawab dan berkeupayaan mencapai kesejahteraan diri serta memberi sumbangan terhadap keharmonian dan kemakmuran keluarga, masyarakat dan negara.
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English is taught as a second language in all Malaysian primary and secondary schools. The mastery of English is essential for pupils to gain access to information and knowledge written in English. In line with the government’s policy on strengthening English, the curriculum has been designed to produce pupils who will be proficient in the language. The goal of the English language curriculum is to help pupils acquire the language in order to help them use it in their daily lives, to further their studies, and for work purposes.
English which is also the dominant language used in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) needs to be mastered to enable our pupils to have easy access to information that is available via the electronic media such as the Internet.
The English language curriculum also stresses the development of critical literacy. Teachers will provide opportunities for pupils to question critique and evaluate texts that they listen to, read or view. These opportunities are essential for achieving personal growth and confidence in functioning as an effective and productive member of our society. This is in line with the goals of the National Philosophy of Education which seeks to optimise the intellectual, emotional and spiritual potential of all pupils.
INTRODUCTION
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AIM
The English Language Curriculum for Primary Schools aims to equip pupils with basic language skills to enable them to communicate effectively in a variety of contexts that is appropriate to the pupils’ level of development.
OBJECTIVES
By the end of Year 6, pupils should be able to:
i. communicate with peers and adults confidently and appropriately in formal and informal situations;
ii. read and comprehend a range of English texts for information and enjoyment;
iii. write a range of texts using appropriate language, style and form through a variety of media;
iv. appreciate and demonstrate understanding of English language literary or creative works for enjoyment; and
v. use correct and appropriate rules of grammar in speech and writing.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
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The approach adopted in the Standard-based curriculum is underpinned by the following principles:
i. Back to basics
It is essential for teachers to begin with basic literacy skills in order to build a strong foundation of language skills. Basic listening and speaking are introduced in order to help pupils enrich their understanding of the language. The strategy of phonics is introduced to help pupils read while a good foundation in penmanship
will help pupils acquire good handwriting.
ii. Learning is fun, meaningful and purposeful
Lessons, which emphasise meaningful contexts and the integration of language skills, allow pupils to engage in fun-filled activities. Meaningful, contextualised as well as purposeful activities will promote the fun element in language learning.
iii. Teaching is learner-centred
Teaching approaches, lessons and curriculum materials must suit the differing needs and abilities of pupils. It is important that appropriate activities and materials are used with pupils of different learning profiles so that their full
UNDERLYING PEDAGOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE CURRICULUM
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potential can be realised. The Mastery Learning strategy will ensure that pupils master all learning standards in order to help them acquire the language.
iv. Integration of salient new technologies
ICT has become an integral and accepted part of everyday life for many people. As ICT literacy becomes a functional requirement for people’s work, social, and personal lives, teachers and pupils are encouraged
to use ICT to facilitate teaching and learning. The use of ICT in appropriate contexts in education can add value in teaching and learning, by enhancing the effectiveness of learning, or by adding a dimension to learning that was not previously available. ICT may also be a significant motivational factor in pupils’ learning and can support pupils’ engagement with collaborative learning
v. Assessment
Assessment for learning is an integral part of the English language curriculum which enables teachers to assess whether pupils have acquired the learning standards taught. A range of activities can be utilised to assess pupils’ performance orally or in writing. Formative and summative assessments should be used to gauge pupils' performance. Formative assessment is conducted as an on-going process, while summative assessment is conducted at the end of a particular unit or term
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vi. Character-building infused
An important principle which needs to be inculcated through the curriculum is character building. Lessons based on values have to be incorporated in teaching and learning in order to impart the importance of good values for the wholesome development of individuals.
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The following diagram shows the conceptual framework of the curriculum model.
LISTENING AND SPEAKING MODULE
READING MODULE
WRITING MODULE
LANGUAGE ARTS MODULE
GRAMMAR MODULE
STAGE ONE
(YEARS 1 – 3)
STAGE TWO
(YEARS 4 – 6)
YEAR 1
YEAR 2
YEAR 3
YEAR 4
YEAR 5
YEAR 6
THE MODULAR CONFIGURATION
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Organisation of English Language Lessons According To the Modular Configuration
Lesson 1 -Listening & Speaking
Lesson 2 -Reading
Lesson 3 – Writing/Grammar
Lesson 4 – Grammar/Writing
Lesson 5 – Language Arts (Contemporary Children”s
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Recommended Time Allocation For English Language Lessons
The table below is a recommendation on how the 300 minutes allocated for the English Language lessons should be divided throughout the week. However, schools are given the flexibility and liberty to adapt the total number of minutes for each module according to the needs of the pupils as long as the 300 minutes of English lessons in a week is adhered to.
Lesson 1
(60 mins)
Lesson 2
(60 mins)
Lesson 3
(60 mins)
Lesson 4
(60 mins)
Lesson 5
(60 mins)
Listening & Speaking
Reading
Grammar/Writing
Writing/Grammar
Language Arts (Contemporary Children’s Literature)
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The Standard-based English Language Curriculum for Malaysian National Primary Schools (SK) is designed to provide pupils with a strong foundation in the English language. Teachers should use Standard British English as a reference and model for spelling, grammar and pronunciation.
Primary education is divided into two stages:
Stage One (Level 1) - Years 1, 2 and 3 Stage Two (Level 2) - Years 4, 5 and 6.
The modules for Level 1 and Level 2 are: Stage One Stage Two Year 1 and 2 Year 3 Year 4, 5 and 6
Module One: Listening and Speaking
Module Two: Reading
Module Three: Writing
Module Four: Language Arts
Module One: Listening and Speaking
Module Two: Reading
Module Three: Writing/Grammar
Module Four: Grammar/Writing
Module Five: Language Arts
Module One: Listening and Speaking
Module Two: Reading
Module Three: Writing/Grammar
Module Four: Grammar/Writing
Module Five: Language Arts (Contemporary Children’s Literature)
As English is the second language for pupils in schools, it is believed to be prudent and pedagogically sound to defer the learning of grammar to a later stage. Pupils need to first develop an awareness of grammar in their first language and this is later exploited in Year 3 when English grammar is introduced. By doing so, the load and stress of learning in the early years will be reduced as the emphasis is on learning through fun and play.
CURRICULUM ORGANISATION
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The Standard-based English Language Curriculum is modular in structure. By organising the curriculum standards under five modules (four for Years 1 and 2), pupils will be able to focus on the development of salient language skills or sub-skills under each module through purposeful activities in meaningful contexts. This modular approach does not exclude integration of skills. However, skills integration is exploited strategically to enhance pupils’ development of specific language skills as described in the content and learning standards in a module. This curriculum is modular in design and this is reflected in the organization of the content and learning standards.
In order to make learning more meaningful and purposeful, language input is presented under themes and topics which are appropriate for pupils. Three broad themes have been identified in the curriculum. They are:
World of Self, Family and Friends
World of Stories and
World of Knowledge.
These are broad themes from which content topics for lessons and activities are to be drawn from to teach pupils. All language skills are to be taught through these themes which provide the context for language learning. Therefore, a balanced treatment of these themes is essential to enhance personal learning and growth which will then lead to the development of more holistic and balanced individuals.
A MODULAR CURRICULUM
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The World of Self, Family and Friends theme serves to increase the awareness of how pupils relate to themselves, their surroundings, family, loved ones and friends. Here, pupils relate language learning to their environment and surroundings. Topics drawn from this theme help raise pupils’ awareness to the importance of self-care, care and concern for family and friends and the realisation that `no man is an island’. Therefore, pupils need to be aware of the community and society around them. Social skills play an important role in this theme.
The World of Stories theme introduces pupils to the wonderful and magical world of stories. Stories may range from simple Malaysian folk tales to Asian folk tales, folk tales from around the region as well as tales from far-away lands. Through these stories, pupils are exposed to a wide range of vocabulary, sentence structures and aspects of creative writing. Moral values, knowledge, understanding and tolerance of other cultures and beliefs are to be imparted through the stories. Through these stories, it is hoped that pupils understand different cultural beliefs and learn to live harmoniously with others who believe and think differently.
The World of Knowledge theme encompasses general knowledge about the world and current issues which are appropriate for pupils of this level. Areas which pupils should be exposed to are general knowledge about the world around them, simple scientific and mathematical knowledge, financial literacy, environmental awareness, safety and corruption issues. Other current issues which are pertinent to pupils of this level should be included as well. Topics from this theme should enhance and increase these awareness, knowledge and understanding which are essential for daily life.
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This document lays out the English language curriculum for Year 4 - 6. The curriculum content is organised in terms of Content Standards and Learning Standards.
Content Standards specify the essential knowledge, skills, understandings and strategies that pupils need to learn. Learning Standards describe in detail the degree or quality of proficiency that pupils need to display in relation to the Content Standards for a particular year.
1.0 LISTENING AND SPEAKING
The Listening and Speaking module aims to develop pupils’ ability to listen and respond to stimulus with guidance, participate in daily conversations, listen and demonstrate understanding of oral texts, and speak confidently on related topics with guidance. Pupils should be taught how to listen carefully and be encouraged to speak with the correct pronunciation, stress and intonation in various situational contexts. In addition, pupils are also encouraged to recognise, understand and use verbal and non-verbal communication.
Relationships are established through the ability to communicate. Pupils first learn to listen, then speak and share thoughts, ideas and feelings. They need to listen carefully and respond to what others say, and think about the needs of their listeners. Social conventions in listening and speaking such as turn taking, politeness and courtesy need to be observed. These are crucial especially in group discussions where viewpoints and opinions are exchanged. The use of various text types is
CURRICULUM CONTENT
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recommended; ranging from teacher-simulated texts to media broadcasts and authentic dialogues. So, by the end of Year 6 of primary schooling, pupils will become confident speakers who can communicate effectively, appropriately and coherently in any given context
2.0 READING
Pupils are taught reading strategies such as applying word attack skills to identify homographs and homophones, using contextual clues to get meaning of words and identify proverbs, phrasal verbs, idioms and similes. In addition, pupils are expected to apply dictionary skills to locate words to find their meanings and apply this knowledge to help them understand the meaning of words in context. Then, as pupils begin to read words, phrases and sentences from linear and non-linear texts, their reading skills should be supported by appropriate reading materials which will further develop their reading ability. This further enables them to increase the pace of their reading, and equally, enable them to comprehend a text more effectively and efficiently so that they become avid and independent readers.
3.0 WRITING
In Level One, pupils were taught penmanship skills. From this, pupils developed their skills in the mechanics of writing where they were first taught to write letters, then words before moving on to phrases and sentences in neat legible print. Along with this, they were also taught to use the correct punctuation when writing. In Level Two, pupils progress to cursive writing of words, phrases, and sentences in paragraphs. At this level, pupils are also expected to express their ideas clearly in writing with the teacher’s guidance and later progress to become independent writers.
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4.0 LANGUAGE ARTS
The Contemporary Children’s Literature component is taught during the Language Arts lessons to expose pupils to different literary genres such as short stories, poems and graphic novels. Teachers are to exploit texts in these genres to create fun-filled and meaningful activities in language learning so that pupils enjoy the learning experience and gain exposure to the aesthetic use of language. The learning standards for Language Arts allow teachers to explore the texts through stories, poems, jazz chants and songs to activate pupils’ imagination, interest and creativity. This component provides opportunities for pupils in Level Two to explore a variety of literary works and engage them in preparing, performing and producing creative works.
5.0 GRAMMAR
The teaching and learning of grammar starts from Year 3 and this continues on to Level 2. Teachers should employ various strategies in teaching grammar so that learning becomes effective, interesting, fun and relevant. Grammar should be taught in context as well as explicitly so that pupils learn the rules of grammar and how to apply these rules in speech and writing. Various activities such as language games, quizzes, grammar songs and meaningful grammar drills will make the learning of grammar more accessible and enjoyable. Through these, pupils will understand, grasp and apply grammatically correct structures in speech and writing.
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The Educational Emphases reflect current developments in education. These emphases are infused and woven into classroom lessons to prepare pupils for the challenges of the real world. In this respect, Moral Education, Citizenship Education, Patriotism, Thinking Skills, Mastery Learning, Information and Communication Technology Skills, Multiple Intelligences, Constructivism, Contextual Learning, Learning How to Learn Skills, Creativity and Innovation, Entrepreneurship and 21st Century Skills are incorporated where appropriate and relevant in lessons. The educational emphases included are explained briefly below:
Higher Order Thinking Skills
The National Curriculum aims to produce wholesome, resilient, curious, principled, knowledgeable and patriotic pupils who have thinking, communicative and collaborative skills. Pupils need to be equipped with 21st Century skills for them to compete globally. This is outlined in the National Education Blueprint where every pupil will be equipped with leadership skills, bilingualism, ethics and spiritualism, social identity, knowledge and thinking skills.
Thinking skills have been emphasised in the curriculum since 1994 with the introduction of Creative and Critical Thinking Skills Beginning 2011, the Standard–based Curriculum for Primary School, KSSR gives emphasis to higher order thinking skills, (HOTS).
EDUCATIONAL EMPHASES
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Higher order thinking skills encompass the ability to apply knowledge, skills and values along with reasoning and reflective skills to solve problems, make decisions and be innovative and creative. Higher Order Thinking Skills refer to the skills of applying, analysing, evaluating and creating as reflected in Table 1.
HOTS are explicitly written in the curriculum of each subject and can be applied in the classroom through teaching and learning activities in the form of reasoning, inquiry learning, problem solving and project work. Teachers and pupils need to use thinking tools such as mind maps, thinking maps and Thinking Hats along with higher order questioning methods in and out of the classroom to encourage pupils to think. In doing so, pupils are given responsibility towards their own learning.
HOTS
Explanation Application
Using knowledge, skills and values in different situations to complete a piece of work Analysis
Ability to break down information into smaller parts in order to understand and make connections between these parts. Evaluation
Ability to consider, make decisions using knowledge, experience, skills, and values; and justify decisions made. Creation
Produce an idea or product using creative and innovative methods.
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Mastery Learning
Mastery Learning will ensure that all pupils master the learning standards stipulated in the Standard Based Curriculum. Mastery Learning requires quality teaching and learning in the classroom. Sufficient time and appropriate learning conditions should be allowed so that pupils master the learning standards stipulated in this document.
Information and Communication Technology Skills (ICT)
Information and Communication Technology Skills (ICT) include the use of multimedia resources such as TV documentaries and the Internet, as well as the use of computer-related activities such as e-mailing, networking and interacting with electronic courseware.
Multiple Intelligences
The theory of Multiple Intelligences describes the nine different intelligences human beings possess. Teachers need to be aware of these different intelligences pupils possess in order to maximise teaching and learning. Various teaching and learning strategies should be planned by teachers to foster and nurture the different intelligences of pupils in order to meet their varying learning styles and needs.
Constructivism
Constructivism will enable pupils to build new knowledge and concepts based on existing knowledge or schema that they have. The teacher assists pupils to acquire new knowledge and solve problems through pupil-centred active learning.
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Contextual Learning
Contextual Learning is an approach to learning which connects the contents being learnt to the pupils’ daily lives, the community around them and the working world. Learning takes place when a pupil is able to relate knowledge acquired in meaningful contexts.
Learning How to Learn Skills
Learning How to Learn Skills are integrated in classroom lessons and aim to enable pupils to take responsibility for their own learning. These skills incorporate study skills to help pupils access information and thus, equip them to become independent life-long learners.
Values and Citizenship
The values contained in the Standard Based Curriculum for Moral Studies are incorporated into the English language lessons. Elements of patriotism and citizenship are also emphasised in lessons to cultivate a love for the nation and produce patriotic citizens.
Knowledge Acquisition
In teaching the language, content is drawn from various subject disciplines across the curriculum. Content is also drawn from the various media to keep abreast with current affairs.
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Creativity and Innovation
Creativity is the ability to produce something new in an imaginative and fun-filled way. Innovation is the process of idea generation and utilising the creative idea in relevant contexts. Through creative and innovative teaching approaches, pupils will display interest, curiosity, excitement and greater growth in learning. Creativity and innovation in pupils should be exploited and nurtured to ensure that their full potential is realised.
Entrepreneurship
Fostering the entrepreneurial mind set among pupils at their young age is essential in this new world. Some of the elements that are linked with entrepreneurship are creativity, innovation and initiative, which are also attributes for personal fulfilment and success. In level two, elements of entrepreneurship are incorporated in lessons through activities.
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Formative assessment is a part of school-based assessment. Formative assessment, or assessment for learning is an important aspect of teaching and learning in the classroom and good pedagogy always includes this. Formative assessment is carried out by teachers to gain feedback on their pupils’ learning and provide them with the necessary information regarding their pupils’ learning so that they can make changes to their teaching by perhaps, changing their approaches or methodology in order to further enhance pupils’ learning in the classroom. Thus, formative assessment is carried out during classroom teaching and learning.
In order to help teachers implement effective school based assessment, the assessment element has been incorporated into this document together with the content and learning standards. Teachers should refer to the Performance Standard to help them ascertain the level of their pupils’ acquisition of the various learning standards. The levels have been designed to help teachers gauge the level of their pupils’ understanding and acquisition of the skills taught. With this knowledge, teachers may change their approach or methodology to help their pupils master the intended learning standard.
Teachers should refer to this document to plan their lessons and assess their pupils. Assessment should be carried out during the teaching and learning process and the achievement levels of the pupils are then recorded and reported every quarterly. Multiple sources of evidence like checklists, observations, oral presentations, quizzes, question and answer, task sheets or written assignments can be used to document the attainment of the learning standards. Through this process, teachers will be able to build a profile of their pupils’ language development through an ongoing assessment.
SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT
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Performance Standard
The Performance Standard details six levels of performance with descriptors for each level based on clusters of learning standards. These levels serve as a guide to teachers in assessing their pupils’ development and growth in the acquisition of the learning standards that are taught. The Performance Levels are arranged in an ascending hierarchical manner to differentiate the different levels of pupils’ achievement, as shown below:
Performance Level
Descriptor
1
Very Limited
2
Limited
3
Satisfactory
4
Good
5
Very Good
6
Excellent
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The overall description of performance for each levels are detailed in the table below:
Performance Level
Generic Descriptors
1
Very Limited
Pupils show a very limited command of the language and require a lot of guidance to perform basic language tasks.
2
Limited
Pupils show limited command of the language and require guidance to perform basic language tasks.
3
Satisfactory
Pupils show a satisfactory command of the language. They have the ability to use language independently to a certain degree but requires guidance for some challenging language tasks.
4
Good
Pupils show a good command of the language. They have the
ability to use language independently but requires guidance for more complex language tasks:
5
Very Good
Pupils show a very good command of the language. They have the ability to use language almost independently.
6
Excellent
Pupils show an excellent command of the language. They are able to perform challenging and complex language texts without any problems Pupils also have the ability to use language independently without any guidance.
The table below shows the overall generic levels of the acquisition of skills for Year 4.
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
Performance
Level
Descriptor
1
Can listen to and understand familiar words and some basic phrases concerning familiar topics.
Can listen and follow simple instructions.
Can use words and some basic phrases to talk haltingly about familiar topics
Can answer simple oral questions on familiar topics.
Can read and understand short simple texts and answer lower order comprehension questions.
Can label names of familiar objects in clear, legible print.
Can participate in a very limited way in a performance based on literary works.
2
Can listen to and understand words and phrases and some basic sentences concerning familiar topics.
Can listen to and follow simple instructions and directions.
Can use phrases and short sentences to talk haltingly about familiar topics.
Can ask and answer simple oral questions about familiar topics.
Can read and understand simple texts on familiar topics and answer lower order comprehension questions
Can write labels and short notices in clear, legible print.
Can spell some familiar words and use partially correct grammar.
Can participate in a limited way in a performance based on literary works.
3
:
Can listen to and understand most words, phrases and sentences concerning familiar topics.
Can listen and follow instructions and directions adequately.
Can give simple instructions and directions.
Can identify the main point in short oral texts on familiar topics.
Can use phrases and sentences to talk about some topics using mostly correct pronunciation.
Can participate in simple daily conversations.
Can read and understand texts, can answer some higher order comprehension questions and sequence information found in texts.
Can write labels, notices and messages in clear, legible print and cursive writing.
Can spell familiar words correctly and use correct grammar to a satisfactory extent.
Can give short, simple personal responses to literary works.
Can prepare and participate in performances based on literary works.
4
Can listen to and understand words, phrases and sentences concerning familiar and a limited range of unfamiliar topics.
Can listen to, follow and give instructions and directions.
Can give simple instructions and directions.
Can identify the main points in oral texts on a wide range of topics
Can talk well about familiar topics and participate in short conversations.
Can read and answer some higher order comprehension questions, sequence information found in written texts and predict sensible outcomes.
Can write labels, notices and messages in clear, legible print and cursive writing using correct spelling.
Can spell and use correct grammar with some minor slips.
Can create a variety of linear and non-linear texts.
Can give personal response to literary texts and prepare and participate in performances based on literary works.
5
Can listen to and understand words, phrases and sentences on a wide range of topics.
Can listen to, follow and give clear instructions and directions very well.
Can identify the main points in extended oral texts on a wide range of topics
Can participate in extended conversations on familiar topics fluently.
Can talk about a wide range of topics with correct pronunciation and intonation correctly.
Can read and answer a wide range of comprehension questions, sequence information and predict several possible outcomes.
Can spell and use correct grammar with occasional minor slips.
Can create a variety of interesting linear and non-linear texts in clear, legible print and cursive writing.
Can give interesting personal response to literary texts, plan, prepare and participate in performances based on literary works.
6
Can listen to and understand extended oral texts on a wide range of topics.
Can listen to, follow and give clear, detailed instructions and directions confidently.
Can identify the main points and supporting details in extended oral texts on a wide range of topics
Can participate in extended conversations fluently and talk about a wide range of topics using correct pronunciation and intonation confidently.
Can read and answer a wide range of higher order comprehension questions, sequence explicit and implicit information and predict outcomes in a creative manner.
Can spell and use grammar accurately and confidently..
Can create a variety of interesting and creative linear and non-linear texts.
Can give an extended and creative personal response to literary texts confidently.
Can lead in the planning, preparation and participation in performances based on literary works.
CONTENT, LEARNING AND
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
LEARNING STANDARDS
The Content Standards represent the specific standards that need to be achieved by the end of Year 6. The Learning Standards for Year 4 detail the specific skills and knowledge that need to be attained in order to fulfil a particular Content Standard. The Performance Standard detail the Performance Levels of pupils in the respective skills.
LISTENING & SPEAKING SKILLS
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
1.1
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling, pupils will be able to pronounce words and speak confidently with the correct stress, rhythm and intonation.
1.1.1
Able to speak with correct word stress
1.1.4
Able to talk about related topics with guidance
1
Can talk about related topics with a very limited level of fluency and very limited use of correct word stress
2
Can talk about related topics with a limited level of fluency and limited use of correct word stress
3
Can talk about related topics with a satisfactory level of fluency and satisfactory use of correct word stress
4
Can talk about related topics with a good level of fluency and good use of correct word stress
5
Can talk about related topics with a very good level of fluency and very good use of correct word stress
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6
Can talk about related topics with an excellent level of fluency and excellent use of correct word stress
1.1.2
Able to listen to and enjoy stories
1.1.3
Able to listen to and recite poems, tongue twisters and sing songs, paying attention to pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
1
Can listen to, enjoy stories and:
recite poems, tongue twisters and sing songs with a very limited level of correct pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
2
Can listen to, enjoy stories and:
recite poems, tongue twisters and sing songs with a limited level of correct pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
3
Can listen to, enjoy stories and:
recite poems, tongue twisters and sing songs with a satisfactory level of correct pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
4
Can listen to, enjoy stories and:
recite poems, tongue twisters and sing songs with a good level of correct pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
5
Can listen to, enjoy stories and:
recite poems, tongue twisters and sing songs with a very good level of correct pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
6
Can listen to, enjoy stories and:
recite poems, tongue twisters and sing songs with an excellent level of correct pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
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CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
1.2
By the end of the 6 year primary schooling, pupils will be able to listen and respond appropriately in formal and informal situations for a variety of purposes.
1.2.1
Able to participate in daily conversations:
(a) extend an invitation
(b) accept an invitation
(c) decline an invitation
(d) express sympathy
1.2.4
Able to participate in guided conversations with peers
1
Can participate in daily and guided conversations with peers with a very limited level of fluency and appropriateness
2
Can participate in daily and guided conversations with peers with a limited level of fluency and appropriateness
3
Can participate in daily and guided conversations with peers with a satisfactory level of fluency and appropriateness
4
Can participate in daily and guided conversations with peers with a good level of fluency and appropriateness
5
Can participate in daily and guided conversations with peers with a very good level of fluency and appropriateness
6
Can participate in daily and guided conversations with peers with an excellent level of fluency and appropriateness
1.2.2
Able to listen to, follow and give instructions
1.2.3
Able to listen to, follow and give directions around the neighbourhood
1
Can listen to, follow and give instructions and directions around the neighbourhood with very limited ability
2
Can listen to, follow and give instructions and directions around the neighbourhood with limited ability
3
Can listen to, follow and give instructions and directions around the neighbourhood with 32
1.2.4
Able to participate in guided conversations with peers
satisfactory ability
4
Can listen to, follow and give instructions and directions around the neighbourhood with good ability
5
Can listen to, follow and give instructions and directions around the neighbourhood with very good ability
6
Can listen to, follow and give instructions and directions around the neighbourhood with excellent ability
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
1.3
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling, pupils will be able to understand and respond to oral texts in a variety of contexts.
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1.3.1
Able to listen to and demonstrate understanding of oral texts by:
(a) asking and answering questions
(b) sequencing
(c) predicting
with guidance
1
Can listen to and demonstrate understanding of oral texts by asking and answering questions; sequencing, and predicting with very limited ability
2
Can listen to and demonstrate understanding of oral texts by asking and answering questions; sequencing, and predicting with limited ability
3
Can listen to and demonstrate understanding of oral texts by asking and answering questions; sequencing, and predicting with satisfactory ability
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4
Can listen to and demonstrate understanding of oral texts by asking and answering questions; sequencing, and predicting with good ability
5
Can listen to and demonstrate understanding of oral texts by asking and answering questions; sequencing, and predicting with very good ability
6
Can listen to and demonstrate understanding of oral texts by asking and answering questions; sequencing, and predicting with excellent ability
34
READING SKILLS
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
2.2
By the end of the 6 year primary schooling, pupils will be able to demonstrate
understanding of variety of linear and non-linear
texts in the form of print and non-print materials using a range of strategies to construct meaning.
2.2.1
Able to apply word attack skills by identifying:
(a) homographs
(b) homophones
2.2.2
Able to read and understand phrases and sentences from:
(a) linear texts
(b) non-linear texts
2.2.4
Able to apply dictionary skills:
(a) locate words
(b) meaning of base word
1
Can read but show very limited understanding of:
phrases and sentences from linear and non-linear texts in:
homographs and homophones
dictionary skills: locate words, meaning of base word
2
Can read but show limited understanding of:
phrases and sentences from linear and non-linear texts in:
homographs and homophones
dictionary skills: locate words, meaning of base word
3
Can read and show satisfactory understanding of:
phrases and sentences from linear and non-linear texts in:
homographs and homophones
dictionary skills: locate words, meaning of base word
4
Can read and show good understanding of:
phrases and sentences from linear and non-linear texts in:
homographs and homophones
dictionary skills: locate words, meaning of base word
35
5
Can read and show very good understanding of:
phrases and sentences from linear and non-linear texts in:
homographs and homophones
dictionary skills: locate words, meaning of base word
6
Can read and show excellent understanding of:
phrases and sentences from linear and non-linear texts in:
homographs and homophones
dictionary skills: locate words, meaning of base word
2.2.3
Able to read and demonstrate understanding of texts by:
(a) sequencing
(b) predicting
with guidance
1
Can read but show very limited understanding of texts by:
sequencing
making predictions
2
Can read but show limited understanding of texts by:
sequencing
making predictions
3
Can read and show satisfactory understanding of texts by:
sequencing
making predictions
4
Can read and show good understanding of texts by:
sequencing
making predictions
36
5
Can read and show very good understanding of texts by:
sequencing
making predictions
6
Can read and show excellent understanding of texts by:
sequencing
making predictions
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
2.3
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling, pupils will be able to read independently for information and enjoyment
2.3.1
Able to read for information and enjoyment with guidance:
(a) fiction
(b) non-fiction
1
Can read aloud and/or silently but show very limited understanding of fiction and non-fiction texts
2
Can read aloud and/or silently but show limited understanding of fiction and non-fiction texts
3
Can read aloud and/or silently and show satisfactory understanding of fiction and non-fiction texts
4
Can read aloud and/or silently and show good understanding of fiction and non-fiction texts
5
Can read aloud and/or silently and show very good understanding of fiction and non-fiction texts
6
Can read aloud and/or silently and show excellent understanding of fiction and non-fiction texts
37
WRITING SKILLS
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
3.1
By the end of the 6 year primary schooling, pupils will be able to form letters and words in neat legible print including cursive writing.
3.1.1
Able to write in neat legible print with correct spelling:
(a) phrases
(b) sentences
(c) numerals in word form
1
Can write phrases, sentences, numerals in word form with a very limited level of:
neatness and legibility
accuracy in spelling
2
Can write phrases, sentences, numerals in word form with a limited level of:
neatness and legibility
accuracy in spelling
3
Can write phrases, sentences, numerals in word form with a satisfactory level of:
neatness and legibility
accuracy in spelling
4
Can write phrases, sentences, numerals in word form with a good level of:
neatness and legibility
accuracy in spelling
5
Can write phrases, sentences, numerals in word form with a very good level of:
neatness and legibility
accuracy in spelling
6
Can write phrases, sentences, numerals in word form with an excellent level of:
neatness and legibility
accuracy in spelling
38
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
3.1
By the end of the 6 year primary schooling, pupils will be able to form letters and words in neat legible print including cursive writing.
3.1.2
Able to write in neat cursive writing with correct spelling:
(a) words
(b) phrases
numerals in word form
1
Can write words, phrases and numerals in word form in cursive writing with a very limited level of:
neatness
accuracy in spelling
2
Can write words, phrases and numerals in word form in cursive writing with a limited level of:
neatness
accuracy in spelling
3
Can write words, phrases and numerals in word form in cursive writing with a satisfactory level of:
neatness
accuracy in spelling
4
Can write words, phrases and numerals in word form in cursive writing with a good level of:
neatness
accuracy in spelling
5
Can write words, phrases and numerals in word form in cursive writing with a very good level of:
neatness
accuracy in spelling
39
6
Can write words, phrases and numerals in word form in cursive writing with an excellent level of:
neatness
accuracy in spelling
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
3.2
By the end of the 6 year primary schooling, pupils will be able to write using appropriate language form and style for a range of purposes.
3.2.1
Able to transfer information with guidance to complete:
(a) linear texts
non-linear texts
1
Can transfer information to complete linear and non-linear texts with a very limited level of accuracy
2
Can transfer information to complete linear and non-linear texts with a limited level of accuracy
3
Can transfer information to complete linear and non-linear texts with a satisfactory level of accuracy
4
Can transfer information to complete linear and non-linear texts with a good level of accuracy
5
Can transfer information to complete linear and non-linear texts with a very good level of accuracy
6
Can transfer information to complete linear and non-linear texts with an excellent level of accuracy
40
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
3.2
By the end of the 6 year primary schooling, pupils will be able to write using appropriate language form and style for a range of purposes.
3.2.2
Able to write with guidance:
(a) labels
(b) notices
(c) messages
1
Can write labels, notices and messages with a very limited level of accuracy
2
Can write labels, notices and messages with a limited level of accuracy
3
Can write labels, notices and messages with a satisfactory level of accuracy
4
Can write labels, notices and messages with a good level of accuracy
5
Can write labels, notices and messages with a very good level of accuracy
6
Can write labels, notices and messages with an excellent level of accuracy
3.2.3
Able to punctuate correctly:
(a) apostrophe
(b) speech markers
3.2.4
Able to spell words by applying spelling rules
1
Can punctuate and spell with a very limited level of accuracy
2
Can punctuate and spell with a limited level of accuracy
3
Can punctuate and spell with a satisfactory level of accuracy
4
Can punctuate and spell with a good level of accuracy
5
Can punctuate and spell with a very good level of accuracy
6
Can punctuate and spell with an excellent level of accuracy
41
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
3.3
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling, pupils will be able to write and present ideas through a variety of media using appropriate language, form and style.
3.3.1
Able to create simple texts using a variety of media with guidance:
(a) non-linear
(b) linear
1
Can create simple linear and non-linear texts with a very limited level of accuracy and appropriateness
2
Can create simple linear and non-linear texts with a limited level of accuracy and appropriateness
3
Can create simple linear and non-linear texts with a satisfactory level of accuracy and appropriateness
4
Can create simple linear and non-linear texts with a good level of accuracy and appropriateness
5
Can create simple linear and non-linear texts with a very good level of accuracy and appropriateness
6
Can create simple linear and non-linear texts with an excellent level of accuracy and appropriateness
42
LANGUAGE ARTS
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
4.1
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling, pupils will be able to enjoy and appreciate rhymes, poems and songs.
4.1.1
Able to enjoy jazz chants, poems and songs through non-verbal response
4.1.2
Able to sing songs and recite jazz chants and poems with correct stress, pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
1
Can show enjoyment and appreciation of rhymes, poems and songs with very limited non-verbal and verbal responses
Can sing songs, recite jazz chants and poems with a very limited level of correct stress, pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
2
Can show enjoyment and appreciation of rhymes, poems and songs with limited non-verbal and verbal responses
Can sing songs, recite jazz chants and poems with a limited level of correct stress, pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
3
Can show enjoyment and appreciation of rhymes, poems and songs with satisfactory non-verbal and verbal responses
Can sing songs, recite jazz chants and poems with a satisfactory level of correct stress, pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
4
Can show enjoyment and appreciation of rhymes, poems and songs with good non-
43
verbal and verbal responses
Can sing songs, recite jazz chants and poems with a good level of correct stress, pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
5
Can show enjoyment and appreciation of rhymes, poems and songs with very good non-verbal and verbal responses
Can sing songs, recite jazz chants and poems with a very good level of correct stress, pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
6
Can show enjoyment and appreciation of rhymes, poems and songs with excellent and creative non-verbal and verbal responses
Can sing songs, recite jazz chants and poems with an excellent level of correct stress, pronunciation, rhythm and intonation
44
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
4.2
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling pupils will be able to express personal
response to literary texts.
4.2.1
Able to respond to literary texts:
(a) characters
(b) place and time
(c) values
1
Can express very limited personal responses to literary texts on character(s), place and time and, values
2
Can express limited personal responses to literary texts on character(s), place and time and, values
3
Can express satisfactory personal responses to literary texts on character(s), place and time and, values
4
Can express good personal responses to literary texts on character(s), place and time and, values
5
Can express very good personal responses to literary texts on character(s), place and time and, values
6
Can express excellent personal responses to literary texts on character(s), place and time and, values
45
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
4.3
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling, pupils will be able to plan, organize and produce creative works for enjoyment.
4.3.1
Able to plan, produce and display creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media with guidance
4.3.2
Able to plan, prepare and participate in a performance with guidance based on literary works
1
Can plan, produce and display very limited creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a very limited level
2
Can plan, produce and display limited creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a limited level
3
Can plan, produce and display satisfactory creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a satisfactory level
4
Can plan, produce and display good creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a good level
5
Can plan, produce and display very good creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a very good level
6
Can plan, produce and display excellent creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at an excellent level
46
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
4.3
By the end of the 6-year primary schooling, pupils will be able to plan, organize and produce creative works for enjoyment.
4.3.1
Able to plan, produce and display creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media with guidance
4.3.2
Able to plan, prepare and participate in a performance with guidance based on literary works
1
Can plan, produce and display very limited creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a very limited level
2
Can plan, produce and display limited creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a limited level
3
Can plan, produce and display satisfactory creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a satisfactory level
4
Can plan, produce and display good creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a good level
5
Can plan, produce and display very good creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at a very good level
6
Can plan, produce and display excellent creative works based on literary texts using a variety of media
Can plan, prepare and participate in a performance based on literary works at an excellent level
47
GRAMMAR
CONTENT STANDARD LEARNING STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD PERFORMANCE LEVEL DESCRIPTOR
5.1
By the end of the 6
year primary schooling, pupils will be able to use different word classes correctly and appropriately.
5.1.1
Able to use nouns correctly and appropriately:
(a) common nouns
(b) singular nouns
(c) plural nouns
(d) countable nouns
(e) uncountable nouns
5.1.2
Able to use pronouns correctly and appropriately:
(a) possessive
(b) interrogative
5.1.3
Able to use verbs correctly and appropriately:
(a) irregular verbs
(b) verbs that do not change
1
Can use the different word classes with a very limited level of accuracy
2
Can use the different word classes with a limited level of accuracy
48
form
(c) present continuous tense
(d) past continuous tense
5.1.4
Able to use conjunctions correctly and appropriately:
(a) because
(b) so
5.1.5
Able to use prepositions correctly and appropriately:
(a) above
(b) below
(c) beside
(d) next to
(e) between
(f ) near
5.1.6
Able to use adjectives correctly and appropriately:
(a) comparative
(b) superlative
5.1.7
Able to use articles correctly and appropriately:
3
Can use the different word classes with a satisfactory level of accuracy
4
Can use the different word classes with a good level of accuracy
5
Can use the different word classes with a very good level of accuracy
49
(a) the
(b) zero article (-)
5.1.8
Able to use adverbs correctly and appropriately:
(a) manner
(b) time
(c) place
6
Can use the different word classes with an excellent level of accuracy
5.2 By the end of the 6 – year primary schooling, pupils will be able to construct various sentence types correctly.
5.2.2 Able to construct interrogative sentences correctly.
1
Can construct interrogative sentences with very limited accuracy
2
Can construct interrogative sentences with limited accuracy
3
Can construct interrogative sentences with satisfactory accuracy
4
Can construct interrogative sentences with good accuracy
5
Can construct interrogative sentences with very good accuracy
6
Can construct interrogative sentences with excellent accuracy
*Grammar items are to be assessed through Speaking and Writing Skills where suitable and applicable
50
____________________________________________________________________________________________
The word list for Level 2 pupils is divided into 3 sections:
a list of High Frequency Words that pupils need to master by the end of Year 6
a suggested list of words that will help pupils acquire vocabulary related to various themes and content introduced in Level 2
a list of related vocabulary pupils will engage with during the teaching and learning of mathematics and science in the first language
In order to enhance pupils’ engagement in English both in formal and non-formal contexts, it is hoped that teachers are able to use the stipulated words in oral and written form. Teachers are also encouraged to use the words from the word list in their various forms as this will allow pupils to acquire a myriad of words by the end of their primary schooling years.
Teachers may also introduce other words that they deem necessary in order to facilitate a particular teaching learning context or classroom instruction.
WORD LIST FOR LEVEL 2
51
High Frequency Words
above
brought
through
woke
across
brother
today
almost
can't
together
along
change
told
also
children
tries
always
clothes
turn
animal
coming
turned
any
didn't
under
around
different
walked
asked
does
walking
baby
don't
watch
balloon
show
where
before
sister
while
began
small
white
being
something
whole
below
sometimes
happy
better
sound
why
between
started
window
birthday
still
without
both
stopped
woke
brother
such
woken
brought
suddenly
word
below
sure
work
better
swimming
happy
between
think
why
birthday
those
window
both
thought
without
52
Suggested Thematic Word List
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
among
after
analogy
arrange
ambition
appear
below
apology
assemble
blow
around
bargain
borrow
border
beverage
bridge
bulb
bottom
bucket
century
boundary
celebration
compass
calculator
centre
condolence
condition
competition
congratulations
consider
country
crutches
continent
decorate
downstairs
create
direction
drain
crockery
factory
edge
determine
fail
entrance
encourage
flood
escalator
engaged
fold
exit
excited
frighten
fire extinguisher
expect
gather
flutter
explore
glad
gender
fear
gold
hundred thousands
figure
hope
interest
fuel
instrument
lift
garage
junction
machine
general
lake
plug
generator
leave
semester
hundred thousand
53
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
lend
stove
imagine
lift
ten thousands
mangrove
located
term
million
magazine
upstairs
moss
match
wheelchair
mushroom
over
operate
party
pastry
peel
platform
polish
stitch
present
success
press
suggest
pretend
terminal
programme
towards
receive
twig
repair
unite
route
upper
rush
utensil
score
view
scream
seat
serve
personality traits
sign
occupations
slip
ways people travel
spin
rules and regulations
spread
stain
state
54
Suggested Mathematics and Science Terms
absorb
conversion
fur
latex
percentage
sting
accuracy
cube
gas
leaflets
perimetre
sweat
addition
cuboid
graph
leather
predict
urinate
algae
curl
grease
length
profit
vaccine
antibiotic
defecate
grid
life cycle
pulse
value
area
device
hatch
limitation
quantity
virus
average
diagram
height
liquids
range
volume
axis
discount
horizontal
litre
reaction
width
bacteria
disease
income
lung
recycle
wind pipe
beaker
dividend
infer
magnify
reduce
young plant
birth
drug
inhale
mankind
reference
breadth
electricity
innovate
mass
reproduce
breath
diet
insulator
maximum
reuse
breathe
digit
investment
mean
round off
calculate
excessive
latex
measurement
scale
cause
excretion
leaflets
metal
schedule
centimetre
experiment
leather
millipede
shelter
chart
explain
length
mimosa
shoot
circumference
explore
height
minimum
silk
classify
extinct
horizontal
mixture
solar system
compare
faeces
income
mode
stem
condition
fern
infer
movement
solids
conducive
float
inhale
oblong
spores
conductor
fraction
innovate
parallel
square
construction
frequency
insulator
parent plant
stage
contact
fungus
investment
pendulum
stimuli
